Pesticides are chemical substances that kill pests and are potentially hazardous to humans. Therefore, this study aimed to focus on preparing pomegranate peel extract and nanoemulsion and its physiochemical characterization, as well as to study their polyphenolic content, antioxidant activity and ability to reduce pesticides. Data showed that twenty-three polyphenolic bioactive components were identified from pomegranate peel nanoemulsion. The characterization of the prepared nanoemulsion was also studied, and results showed that the nanoemulsion particle size was 41.72±12.72 nm, while zeta potential was -27.15±2.76, and the poly-dispersibility index was recorded at 0.21±0.04. The generated nanoemulsion's viscosity was 4.99 mPa•s after 21 days, indicating a greater stability formula. The nanoparticles were found to be spherical, evenly dispersed, discrete, and non-aggregated using a transmission electron microscope. Significantly, the nanoemulsion showed higher content of total phenolic (59.74 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid (27.81 CAE/g), hydrozyable tannin (71.40 mg TAE/g), and total anthocyanin (98.2 mg CGE/g) than those found in pomegranate peel extract. Pomegranate peel nanoemulsion showed significantly higher antioxidant activity than pomegranate peel extract using DPPH• and ABTS assays. The pesticides diazinon, parathion, and chlorpyrifos were reduced by 54.71%, 44.89%, and 29%, respectively, using pomegranate nanoemulsion. The findings of this study might be used to generate innovative methods for reducing pesticide residues using agricultural waste.