Background: Worldwide, there has been a notable increase in the incidence of pediatric urolithiasis. There are many aspects in which pediatric lithiasis differs from adult urolithiasis. Child's metabolic condition and anatomic structure contribute to medical planning and surgical planning respectively reducing the rate of surgical intervention repetition and protecting renal functions. The use of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) to treat pyelo-calyceal stones in children began 3 decades ago. Very recently, miniaturization of endoscopic instruments allowed less invasive procedures with low complication rate We intended to provide an outline of Possible Role of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Management of Pediatric Renal Stones.

Conclusion: It is possible to treat renal calculi percutaneously in children, and there is a high success rate with just one procedure. While shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is often the go-to method for treating kidney stones in children, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) can be an important adjunct in some instances. When it comes to large renal stones (> 20 mm), the European Association of Urology guidelines suggest PNL as the main treatment option. Additionally, for lower renal pole stones larger than 10 mm. resistant stones, in addition to SWL.