Background: Intra-abdominal sepsis that has unique epidemiological characteristics, is accelerated by certain risk factors, and is linked to high rates of morbidity and fatality. Previous studies have been done around the world. However little reports were found at Zagazig University Hospital.

Aim: To evaluation risk factors and outcome of intra-abdominal sepsis in Emergency intensive care unit (ICU) patients in Zagazig University Hospital.

Methods: This prospective observational study was performed in Emergency Intensive Care Unit on 266 patients older than 18 years, both sex admitted with Intra-abdominal sepsis and septic shock to intensive care unit. Risk factors and outcome were assessed in all patients. Patients were divided according to outcome to survived group and died group. Also, patients were divided according to severity of disease expression to group I: infection without sepsis, group II: sepsis and group III: septic shock.

Results: There was significant increase of age, need for reoperation, Quick Sequential Organ Failure (qSOFA) and biomarkers in the died group. The incidence of diabetes mellitus and cardiac disease significantly increase in the died group. Regarding to the severity of disease, there was significant difference of qSOFA, need for reoperation, hemodynamic data and incidence of diabetes mellitus and respiratory disease between the studied groups.

Conclusion: High qSOFA score , need for reoperation, diabetes and respiratory disease are risk factors of septic shock in patients with intraabdominal infection. Factors influencing the prognosis of patients with intraabdominal infection include advanced age , need for reoperation and pre-existing disease as diabetes and cardiac disease.