Background: Percutaneous microwave ablation is considered to be a recent validated management line which is less invasive treatment option, with highly effective results and could be utilized efficiently in management of osteoid osteoma. This study aimed for assessment of the safety and efficacy of microwave ablation in managing osteoid osteoma.

Patients and Methods: We enrolled 18 patients with osteoid osteoma who underwent microwave ablation at Zagazig University Hospitals followed by post-procedure computed tomography (CT) follow up in this clinical trial. The collected data included the severity of pain, use of pain medication after ablation and any post-procedure complications.

Results: There was statistically significant improvement in VAS one week postoperatively as compared to preoperative value where all patients had preoperative pain score from 8 to 9 (p<0.001). One month and 6 months postoperatively, all patients had no pain (pain score 0). Larger percentage of patients passed uncomplicated (88.9%), one patient developed superficial infection and another one had skin numbness. Both patients with complications needed postoperative pain medications as they had postoperative pain score 2 which indicated use of pain medications. A statistically significant positive correlation was revealed between cycles of ablation and preoperative pain scores (p=0.036).

Conclusion: Percutaneous CT guided microwave ablation may be used as an efficient safe treatment line among osteoid osteoma patients, contrary to surgery, with no major complications (infection or neurovascular injury) that have been reported after microwave ablation for osteoid osteoma.