Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is defined as acute hypoxemic breathing problems with bilateral infiltrates on chest imaging that cannot be described adequately by heart failure or excessive fluid retention. The present work aimed to provide better oxygenation and an improvement in terms of gas exchange of ARDS patients by adjusting flow patterns.

Patients and methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 30 cases with ARDS, regardless of the cause. All cases in the study were subjected to medical history taking, general examination, complete local chest examination, portable chest x-ray or CT (on admission and as ordered by ICU staff), laboratory investigations, electrocardiography, echocardiography, continuous monitoring of Pulse oximetry, and recording of ventilator parameters as ventilator data and ABGs after one hour of each flow pattern tabulation.

Results: There was no substantial variance between the two ventilation modes for any of the parameters, including pH, PaO2, PCO2, HCo3, and Spo2 (p >0.05). Among the patients, 26.67% showed improvement and 73.34% Died. Among the complications, pneumothorax occurred in 6.67% of cases. In comparison, acute renal failure affected 10%, gastrointestinal bleeding, and acute kidney injury (AKI) each occurred in 3.33% of cases, and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was observed in 16.67% of cases.

Conclusion: The present investigation examined how varied IF waveforms are performed during regulated mechanical breathing in cases with ARDS. Our findings revealed no substantial variations in arterial oxygenation and partitioned respiration mechanics between the decelerating and square waveforms.