Background: Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are the approved methods for curing head and neck cancer. While radiation therapy is the gold standard right now, other targeted therapies are receiving more attention and may soon replace it. This study aimed to assess the different treatment modalities of Head and neck cancer in the Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department at Zagazig University Hospitals.

Subjects and methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study performed at the Zagazig University Hospitals' Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department. For this study, we used the medical records of all long-term head and neck cancer (HNC) cases stored in the Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department between 2016 and 2021.

Results: We found that 30.3% of the studied cases had radical surgery. The frequency of chemotherapy was as follows: definitive (5.5%), induction (4.1%), concurrent (43.5%), adjuvant (22.2%) and palliative (1.1%). Regarding radiotherapy 93% of the cases had radiotherapy most frequent was definitive (64.9%). The median of regional recurrence-free survival among Non-Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) differed significantly when compared to NPC cases (p<0.001). There was a statistically significant increase in median overall survival among cases less than 50 years old, stage II AJCC, CR cases, and cases with absent local recurrence (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Cancer of the head and neck has become an urgent public health issue in Zagazig. Due to the high rates of tobacco use and HPV infection, screening programs and patient monitoring of various treatment modalities are crucial for the early diagnosis of HNC