Background: Acute leukemia is considered as the most popular hematological neoplasm, reflected bypresenceof precursor cells of malignant clone in peripheral circulation and bone marrow. Objectives: Our survey was done to evaluate the role of new prognostic factors as body mass index in adult patients receiving induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia. Patients and Methods: this study was carried out during the period from February 2018 to February 2019 in Clinical Hematology Unit, Internal Medicine Department of Zagazig University Hospitals. The study is Cross sectional of total subjects included 80 patients who were diagnosed as acute leukemia; 28 of them were females and 56 were males. Body mass index (BMI) is defined as the summation of division of weight calculated in kilograms by the square of height calculated in meters (kg/m2). Results: There is an increase in rates of PIF in the group of underweight patients than overweight group. Patients whom BMI is more than 25 can carry better results than underweight patients whom BMI > 25 as regarding to induction chemotherapy outcomes and overall survival, it may be due to increased period of chemotherapy distribution through the obese patients body with low rates of drug clearance. Sensitivity and specificity of BMI as a predictor for detection of response was calculated under cut-off range. Conclusions: Evaluation of BMI in acute myeloid leukemia patients before starting chemotherapy is is a respectable prognostic markers in assuming consequences in adult patients on induction chemotherapy.consequences in adult patients on induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia.