Abstract
Background: UTI/pyelonephritis is the most common bacterial infection found in infants with fever without a source (FWS). Febrile UTI is associated with upper tract involvement (“pyelonephritis") in >70% of infants and young children. UTI is usually an occult infection in young children, and must be considered in any young child presenting with fever without specific localizing signs and symptoms
Aims: To determine frequency of urinary tract infection (UTI) in febrile neonates in NICU& outpatient clinic and the causative organisms in our locality to improve NICUs outcome and shorten the period of incubation.
Methods: Observational prospective study included 77 (50 males &27 females )febrile neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit &Out-patient clinic of Pediatric Department at Zagazig University and Al-Ahrar Hospitals in the period from1/4/2017 to 1/4/2018. Their ages ranged between (0 to 2 months). They were investigated by CBC, CRP, urine analysis, urine culture, blood culture and pelvi-abdominal U/S.
Results: Results of the present study showed that frequency of UTI among our febrile neonates was 10 out of 77(12.99%). Prevalence of UTI was higher in males compared to females (70% males (7/10) & 30% females (3/10)). Bacterial infections were the most common cause of UTI with E.Coli being the most frequent pathogen causing 70% while in 30% Klebsiella pneumonia was detected.
Conclusions: This study had high-lightened the importance of routine urine analysis and culture (especially in high risk) in febrile neonates without source (FWS) and the prevalence of UTI early in life.