Gamma irradiation might be an alternative strategy for increasing crop yield and/or introducing new varieties. Reddish-brown Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv Abo Yousuf was exposed to 50 Gy of γ-radiation produced M2 seeds, while 100 and 300 Gy were lethal. M2 seeds were cultivated to investigate the segregated traits in M3 and M4 plants. Segregation of purple and green: hypocotyls, lower venation, and pods, besides purple flowers and emarginated leaf apex, were observed in M3 plants. M3 seeds showed five seed coat colors: reddish-brown, brown, dark brown, grayish brown, and gray. The reddish-brown seeds had the highest weight, 30.74%, whereas the gray seeds had a much lighter weight, 23.14%. The flower color was light purple in three lines viz; control, M2 50Gy, and M3 reddish brown and white in M3 dark brown line. While M3 brown and gray seeds produced four flower colors: dark purple, purple, light purple, and white. Whereas, M3 grayish brown seeds produced three flower colors: dark purple, purple, and white. Furthermore, γ-radiation induced 15 new seed coat colors in M4 progeny. Molecular characterization showed different fingerprints correlated with the segregated morphological traits and seed coat colors. Both the PCR fingerprints and the dendrograms produced by cluster analysis of the selected four RAPD differentiated clearly between the different M3 segregating genotypes of cv Abo Yousuf from M2 and control plants more than the two ISSR primers. Such findings indicated the pleiotropic effects of seed coat color genes and provided helpful information on gene(s) that govern these traits.