The electrochemical characteristics of supercapacitors can be greatly improved by using heteroatom-doped (N, P, S, and O) carbon materials as electrodes. Enhancing pseudo-capacitance, raising electrical conductivity, wettability, and elevating metal ion reversible storage capacity and rate capability are all facilitated by heteroatom doping. Heteroatom-based Due to its lightweight and three-dimensional structure, flexible and transition metal-doped carbon nanofiber can be generated by electrospinning and employed as an electrode for high performance flexible supercapacitors (SCs).
Extremely high mechanical stability and a wide range of capacitance and mechanical strengths are provided by the large concentration of distinct heteroatoms in the doped electrode of supercapacitors. There are differences in the characteristics and conductivity of each heteroatom-doped carbon nanofiber electrode. The performance of supercapacitors depends on the atoms that are doped to give the electrode. In this review, we provide examples of several doped carbon nanofiber types and the attributes they confer on the electrode.