Traditional medicine remains an alternative care option for most poor countries due to its inherent traits, unique and holistic approaches, accessibility, and cost. The current review aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date compilation of documented traditional medicinal uses, phytochemicals, and pharmacological activities of invasive R. cathartica and R. disperma, as well as valuable information to support its use as an alternative medicine in future healthcare practice. The genus Rhamnus, commonly called buckthorns, belongs to the family Rhamnaceae. It is considered a fruit and is of nutritional interest owing to its low calories. R. cathartica and R. disperma have multifaceted pharmacological potential, as this review demonstrated. Studies examining this compound antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial characteristics have drawn attention to its effectiveness. Only a small number of research have looked specifically at R. disperma; instead, most studies have looked at R. cathartica, leading to generalized conclusions that are attributed to the group of compounds rather than the individual component. This paper covers the chemistry and pharmacological potential of Egyptian Buckthorns, including their mechanism of action whenever applicable.