The production of food vegetable oils in Egypt depends mainly on both cottonseed oil and soybean oil. Egypt is one of the most countries in the world that consumes edible oil, and edible vegetable oils come at the forefront of the commodities in which the food gap is increasing, and its severity is increasing year after year. The reality of oil crops shows that Egypt is one of the largest importers of vegetable oils, as the vegetable oil group comes in second place after wheat, according to the order of imported commodity groups.
The size of the oil gap has increased, and self-sufficiency rates of food vegetable oils have declined from 95% in the early sixties to 60% in the early seventies, and then to 30% in the early eighties. Then it fluctuated between increases and decreases, until it reached about 33% in 2013, until it reached 2% in 2020.
The problem of the study lies in the fact that the issue of food is one of the most important and vital issues with political, social and economic dimensions in Egypt, due to the rapid population increase, which has far exceeded the rate of increase in food production, and food security is one of the main challenges in Egypt in particular.