Paw edema is an inflammatory condition that produces swelling and redness in the paws of animals. In addition, it is a prevalent inflammatory response used as a model to study inflammation and evaluate potential treatment options. Eight rats were assigned to each of three groups: normal control, paw edema, and vildagliptin. The normal control group rats received a vehicle orally for seven days, while the paw edema group received the vehicle for seven days and paw edema induction on the eighth day. Vildagliptin was given orally at 5 mg/kg for seven days, and paw edema was induced on the eighth. Using proper methods, paw weight, edema volume, and inflammatory markers were measured and statistically analyzed. Vildagliptin reduced inflammation caused by paw edema as evidenced by reductions in paw weight, edema volume, and inflammatory markers, suggesting anti-inflammatory effects. Increased SOD and IL-10 levels support its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities. These findings highlight the therapeutic value of vildagliptin in managing various inflammatory conditions and warrant further investigation to understand the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications.