Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous disease marked by the inability of progenitor cells in the bone marrow to differentiate terminally from developing to mature blood cells . Furthermore, microRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that regulate multiple gene expressions that regulate hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell commitment and differentiation.

Methods: The present study involved 40 patients newly diagnosed with AML in addition to 40 matched controls. A quantitative reverse transcription real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay was performed to quantify miR-155. The NPM1 mutations in a new cohort of Egyptian AML patients were assessed using RT-PCR assays. The aim was to examine the correlation between these mutations and microRNAs, as well as to determine their expression in relation to demographic, clinical, and laboratory data.

Results: For Mir-155, there was were a statistically substantial differences between the mean CT values of patients and controls. NPM1 results exhibited marked differences between controls and patients.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the value of 155 did not accurately predict cases of AML. Additionally, no correlation was observed between NPM1 and miR-155.