Background: Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) is a major threatening health issue worldwide, in which nurses play a critical role in identifying, preventing, and caring for especially in total hip and knee arthroplasty patients. Aim of the study: Assess nurses' knowledge and practice regarding venous thromboembolism preventive measures among post total hip and knee arthroplasty patients. Design: A descriptive design was utilized in this study. Setting: The present study was carried out at orthopedic departments in Suez Canal University Hospitals. Sample: A comprehensive sample of 80 staff nurses who were working at the previously mentioned settings. Tools of data collection: The data were collected using two tools named Nurses' knowledge regarding VTE preventive measures in post total hip and knee arthroplasty patients structured questionnaire and Observational checklist to assess nurses' practices regarding VTE preventive measures in post total hip and knee arthroplasty patients. Results: The majority of the studied nurses (97.5 % & 85 %) had an unsatisfactory level of knowledge and poor level of practice respectively regarding Venous Thromboembolism Preventive measures, with no statistically significant correlation between total nurses' knowledge and practice. Conclusion: Unsatisfactory level of knowledge was prominent in almost all the studied nurses especially the married, and the prominent poor level of practice was among newly hired nurses of 1-3 years of working experience. Recommendations: Apply educational guidelines for nurses regarding VTE preventive measures.