This research explores the dynamics of great power competition in Africa, analyzing the roles of major global actors such as China, the United States, Russia, and the European Union. The study examines the economic, political, and social impacts of these interactions on Africa. Findings highlight how foreign investments influence economic development and dependency, affect political sovereignty, and contribute to social inequalities. The study provides insights into strategies for maintaining African autonomy and leveraging international relations for sustainable growth, offering valuable perspectives for policymakers and scholars on the continent's evolving geopolitical landscape.