Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common consequence in patients who have acute respiratory insult, in many studies reported incidence rates of up to 35%. The combination of AKI with ARDS guarantees worse consequences, including higher mortality. The risk factors that increase the risk of AKI in these patients need to be identified. Understanding these factors could aid physicians in better managing these conditions, ultimately reducing mortality

Aim: The aim of this study is to identify the incidence and risk factors of AKI development in patients with respiratory insults admitted to critical care units.

Method: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the ICU of Minia University Hospital from August 2021 to December 2022. It included all patients admitted to the ICU with respiratory diseases during the study period who met the inclusion criteria. Out of 140 patients admitted with respiratory diseases, 54 met the inclusion criteria. These were further classified into two groups: 24 patients who developed AKI and 30 patients who did not develop AKI.

Results: The incidence of AKI among the studied patients with respiratory diseases was 44.4%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that hypertension (OR 3.7), diabetes (OR 2.7), BMI (OR 2.03), and mechanical ventilation (OR 1.3) were significant predictors of AKI development in these patients.

Conclusion: Hypertension, diabetes, high BMI, and mechanical ventilation are significant predictors of AKI in patients with respiratory diseases. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring and managing these risk factors to mitigate the development of AKI in critical care settings.