The Nigeria sugar industry, just like the sugar industries in various countries of the world, requires the services of various professionals for its operations. One such group of professionals are chemists, who work in various segments of the industry, such as factory operations, research and development (R & D), and in the educational sector. This study was aimed at discussing the duties of chemists in these key areas. It exposes chemists to their responsibilities towards the growth of the Nigeria sugar industry, which is instrumental in national development. Chemists are required in the quality control, quality assurance, production, water treatment, and wastewater treatment departments of sugar factories. The importance of R & D as it pertains to the industry was also highlighted. Some grey areas on the needs of the Nigeria sugar industry were stated, such as the replacement of the conventional sugar production process for a greener process. Others were independent analysis of the factories' products, and the utilization of bye-products to solve an array of national problems. It is expected that the full participation of indigenous chemists would act as a catalyst for the achievement of the goals of the Nigeria Sugar Master Plan which aims at revitalising the Sugar in Industry by year 2030.