The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of open pollination by honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) on the seed yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Moreover, Germination Speed Index (GSI), Germination Percentage (GP), and chemical composition of seeds that produced from open and caged treatments were determined. The obtained results showed that the open pollination led to increase the number of pods/plant, weight of seeds/plant, mean yield/feddan, and seed index (weight of 1000 seeds) than those produced from caged treatment for both varieties of sesame. Also, the presence and visitation of honey bees had a good influence on the (GSI) of produced seeds. The values of this parameter were 23.42 and 23.84% in open pollinated areas compared with 17.08 and 17.09% in caged ones of both sesame varieties, Taka 1 and Taka 2, respectively. Nearly, the same effect was observed for the (GP) which was higher in seeds of open plots (95.0 and 96.0%) than those produced from caged ones (75.0 and 77.0%) for the both mentioned varieties of sesame, respectively. Furthermore, application of open pollination in plots was induced to improvement the chemical composition of seeds. Where total lipids, crude protein, and carbohydrates of open plot seeds increased in comparison with seeds produced from caged treatment for both varieties of sesame.