Background: Indication of mechanical ventilation are variable and diverse. It is required whenever the child is unable to maintain adequate alveolar oxygenation or ventilation. Objective: To assess the relationship between provided nursing care for children on mechanical ventilation and their clinical outcomes. Setting: The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Alexandria University Children's Hospital (AUCH)at El-Shatby. Subjects: Study subjects were included both nurses and children. The first part of the study are all nurses (30) worked at the previously mentioned setting were included this inclusion was regardless of their level of education and years of experience. The second part is a convenient sample of 50 children were aged from 1 month to 3years, just upon starting mechanical ventilation, without any previous complication including ventilator associated pneumonia, pressure ulcer, eye or oral infection. Tools: Three tools were used; characteristics of nurses and children, nursing care Provided for children on Mechanical Ventilation Observational Checklist and clinical outcomes of mechanically ventilated children. Results: All studied nurses had satisfactory level of performance in assessing critically ill children, suction, positioning, chest physiotherapy, skin care,eye care and oral care procedures. There was no statistical significant relation between clinical outcomes and the total mean score of nurses' care performance. Conclusion: all studied nurses had satisfactory level of performance regarding care provided for children on mechanical ventilation. All studied children had positive clinical outcomes except less than one third of them of them who had ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) at the third days from admission and more than one third of them had VAP after the fifth days from admission