Egypt has recently turned to tourism development for desert communities. There is no doubt that the natural environment is considered one of the most important resources for sustainable development, as the Egyptian oases were a fundamental pillar for it. Despite this, we find that the Bahariya Oasis did not have the largest share in tourism development and its placement on the tourist map, although it is considered one of the most important desert areas in Egypt with a distinctive cultural heritage and popular heritage in terms of the association of the nature of urban and civilized life with the harsh desert nature.    Natural resources in the Bahariya Oasis played an important role in shaping people's lives and forming their cultural environment since prehistoric times in ancient Egypt in particular. The Bahariya Oasis is one of the five Egyptian oases, namely Siwa, Farafra, Kharga, Dakhla, and the latter, which played an important role in the history of Egypt throughout the ages. The extension of cultural heritage to the geographical location forms the western borders of the desert of Egypt, and this led to a different nature of the archaeological sites that included the tombs and temples of the kings of the New Kingdom and the late era, and they were the focus of attention of foreign delegations; Which led to the interest of the rulers of the oases in establishing defensive units that became a cultural heritage that emerged and crystallized in the Greco-Roman times, which are the arches of victory. In addition to the tourist sites in the oases, which also include treasures from nature represented in sulfur eyes, hills and sand dunes that made them one of the most important natural tourist attractions in Egypt and the world, this is in addition to the role of folklore and popular heritage on which families relied in Bahariya Oasis, especially women, but the absence of a sustainable environmental development methodology may expose it to some risks that may generally affect human life and its natural environment in Bahariya Oasis.