Background: Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) is neuropsychiatric deterioration syndrome due to hepatic insufficiency. HE symptoms appear gradually ranging from altered mental status to deep coma and manifest as disorders of orientation, memory, perception, reasoning, focusing, rigor, and generalized convulsions. Four levels of HE exist with different symptoms. Aim: This study aimed to assess patients' knowledge and self-care management regarding hepatic encephalopathy. Design: An exploratory descriptive research design was used in this study. Setting: This study was conducted at the Medical Intensive Care Unit and Endemic Disease Unit (Hepatology Unit) at El-Fayoum University Hospitals. Sample: A purposive sample of 60 adult patients aged 18-65 years from both genders who was diagnosed as having hepatic encephalopathy. Tools: three tools were used to collect study data, a structured interviewing questionnaire, patient's knowledge assessment questionnaire and Patient's self-care checklist. Results: this study revealed that, the mean age of studied patients was 49.57±11.48, 76.7% of the studied patients had unsatisfactory knowledge and 55.5% of them had a poor self-care management regarding hepatic encephalopathy. Conclusion: the study concluded that, more than three quarters of the studied patients had unsatisfactory knowledge and more than half of them had a poor self-care management regarding hepatic encephalopathy. Recommendations: A written teaching hand book should be available for each patient in simplified term and containing simple pictures and distributed among cirrhotic patients about preventive measures of hepatic encephalopathy to provide them with the needed information.