Background: nurses have a large role to play in the minimization and prevention of paracentesis complications and should be clinically well versed in all aspects of the condition to address risk minimization and for patient safety. Aim of the study: assess nurses knowledge and practice regarding care of paracentesis patients. Research design: quasi experimental research design was utilized in this study. Setting: This study will be conducted in the internal medicine and Endemic diseases departments in Fayoum University Hospital. Sampling:1- A convenient sample of all nurses working at the internal medicine and Endemic diseases departments. 2- A purposive sample of 60 adult patients. Tools: two tools were used for data collection (1) An interview questionnaire sheet for level of nurses 'knowledge and practice (2) Patient complications assessment questionnaire. Results: This study revealed that; about 64 % of the studied nurses had unsatisfactory level of knowledge regarding care of paracentesis patient , while about 30 % of the studied nurses had satisfactory level of practice. Conclusion: Nurses' needs special educational guidelines regarding care of paracentesis patients. Recommendation: Continuous In-service training programs for nurses are recommended to improve their performance regarding care of paracentesis patient