This study aimed to: describe the levels of citizenship values among the rural people surveyed in the study area, explore the global structure of the scale of citizenship values among the rural respondents, and determine the nature of the relationship between the level of citizenship values among the rural respondents and some social, economic, and personal variables that are distinctive to them. To achieve these goals, a systematic random sample of 280 respondents was selected from household heads using the Karjsi and Marjan equation.
Frequency distribution tables, percentages, arithmetic mean, and standard deviation were used to display and describe the data, and the alpha reliability coefficient (α) was also used to measure the degree of stability of the citizenship values scale, using the Cronbach method, in addition to using factor analysis to identify the factor structure of the scale. Citizenship values among the respondents, the simple Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis to identify the regression correlations between the study variables and the level of citizenship values among the respondents.
The main results were:
The total score for citizenship values among the respondents was medium for 35.6% of them and high for (33.2%) of the respondents, while it was low for 31.2% of the respondents.
The citizenship values of the respondents include two main components (factors):
The first factor: It can be called (rights) and includes values related to (the values of freedom of expression and respect for other opinions, the values of justice and equality among members of society, the values of community belonging). This factor explains about 37% of the variance in citizenship values among the rural people surveyed.
The second factor: It can be called (duties) and includes values related to (values of cooperation and community participation, values of social responsibility, values of adherence to regulations and laws), and this factor explains about 20% of the variance in citizenship values among the rural people surveyed.
It was found that there are five independent variables that contribute to explaining the total variation in the level of citizenship values among the respondents: the number of years of formal education, the degree of adaptation to the conditions of society, the standard of living, cultural openness, and participation in development activities.
- Referring to the value of the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.621, it is clear that the previous five independent variables together explain about 62% of the variance in the level of citizenship values among the respondents.
- The significance of the regression model for the relationship of the study variables to the level of citizenship values among the respondents is evident from the F value of 74.69 at the probability level of 0.01.