Two manufacturers produce a certain component that is used in some production systems. This component has a sensitive effect on the probability that the system satisfies its predetermined goals. This paper proposes and investigates a new procedure to reach a decision for determining which one of these two manufacturers producing the component, has larger probability of success. This procedure was discussed in the light of its ability to reach a decision while using a number as small as possible-of tests with defective components. We derive recursive expressions that describe the relationship between probability of correct decision and the expected number of defective components to minimize the total cost. Numerical results are given which indicate that the new procedure is uniformly better than any known procedure which uses play the winner rule.