Purpose: Amblyopia is the blurry vision which means a decrease in best-corrected visual acuity in one or both eyes due to the lack of binocular vision due to the neurological deficit in the visual system. It is more common in school children and could be a major problem leading to poor performance in education. In general, the rate of children having amblyopia is from 0.13% to 12.9 %. In this study, we aim to estimate its prevalence in school children in Sohag governorate by identifying the factors that cause risks. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 500 school age children in Sohag government were screened for the presence of anisometropic amblyopia and associated risk factors. Results: Amblyopia was prevalent amongst 6% of children (6-18 years old) in Sohag governorate. Anisometropic amblyopia was found in 3.2%. Only 2% of children had visual acuity in the better eye < 6/60, with amblyopia more prevalent in these children. High hyperopia appeared amongst 1.8% of subjects with amblyopia more prevalent in this type of error than in other types.