This study focuses solely on the mouse as an animal, without delving into other topics such as depicting it behaving like a human on ostraca and papyri. The tiny creature played a surprisingly complex role in ancient Egyptian society. Evidence from etymology suggests a specific term "pnw" for the mouse. Interestingly, personal names that include "mouse" suggest a possible positive connection besides the plant names referencing it.
The early representation of the mouse can be seen in the 5th Dynasty on the Unas causeway at Saqqara, where it is depicted breeding and confronting a cat in the tomb of Baqet III at Bani Hassan during the 11th Dynasty. In addition, one ostracon suggests a satirical intent. Furthermore, the presence of mouse toys suggests a playful side, while mouse traps indicate a practical need for pest control. Furthermore, the duality of the mouse is emphasized by its portrayal as both harmful and helpless. Mouse medicine, if present, could offer another layer of understanding, revealing the potential uses of mice in healing some illnesses.