Iron is essential for normal human growth, including oxygen transport, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, DNA synthesis, mitochondrial function, and protection of cells from oxidative damage. Iron deficiency anemia is the most prevalent hematologic disorder in school-going children. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the prevalence of anemia among school-going children in rural areas of Mardan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A total of 300 samples were taken from those children with signs and symptoms of IDA in a cross-sectional survey. Thorough physical examination, lab investigations, and clinical examination were done. The current research shows that 1 of 3rd of school-going children who had signs and symptoms of iron deficiency anemia were affected by iron deficiency anemia at the ages of 4 to 7 years (40%), 7 to 10 years (35%), and 10 to 13 years (25%), respectively. Severe anemia was rare at 10%, moderate anemia at 25% moderate anemia at 25% led by the mild type of anemia with a high percentage of 65% based on Hb level. lower class families were more affected by iron deficiency anemia with 60%, children of middle class were less affected by anemia with 35% while children of upper class families were much less affected by anemia which may be due to the socioeconomic state of the family. Anemia is a serious nutritional issue with public health implications. As a result, iron supplementation as well as health and nutrition education initiatives should be expanded.