Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a versatile pathogen known for its ability to cause infections and survive in various environments. Biofilm formation plays a critical role in its virulence. This study investigated different P. aeruginosa isolates collected from clinical specimens, focusing on their identification, characterization, antibiotic resistance profiles, multi-drug resistance patterns, and biofilm formation abilities. Among the isolates, twenty were confirmed as P. aeruginosa based on standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed varying levels of resistance, including multidrug resistance (MDR). Biofilm formation was assessed, showing diverse production levels without significant differences between non-multidrug-resistant (non-MDR) and multidrug-resistant isolates. PCR analysis detected biofilm genes (PslA and GacA) in all isolates, with a few lacking the PelF gene. Associations between biofilm formation patterns, drug resistance, and biofilm genes were explored, revealing no strong correlations. These findings highlight the prevalence of biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa isolates regardless of their multidrug resistance status. The presence of specific biofilm genes may not strongly correlate with biofilm formation patterns or drug resistance. Further studies are needed to investigate additional factors contributing to biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa.