Recently, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) has received significant attention in the treatment of obesity and diabetes due to its potent incretin effect. Unique unimolecular peptides with several functions have surfaced as one of the most promising therapeutic strategies to improve metabolic efficiency and return body weight to normal. The diabetes.co.uk platform, for instance, indicates that “obesity is believed to account for 80-85% of the risk of developing type 2 diabetes".type 2 diabetes has indeed more to do with lifestyle – as well as, more generally, ageing demographics – hence its labelling as an obesity comorbidity.

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has currently approved the following GLP-1-based medications: liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide for long term management of obesity. This paper investigates published analytical techniques that have been documented in the literature thus far for measuring anti-obesity tides in pharmaceutical formulations and biologic samples. These encompass a range of methodologies, such as capillary electrophoresis, spectrophotometry, liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry, high-performance thin layer chromatography, and electrochemical approaches.