Background: Immune dysregulation has been linked to vitiligo, a skin condition marked by areas of uneven pigmentation. The role of serum interleukin-15 (IL-15) levels in the development of vitiligo is not yet understood. This research set out to compare the blood IL-15 levels of healthy controls to those of vitiligo sufferers. Methods: Sixty people with vitiligo and twenty healthy people served as controls in this case-control study. The ELISA kits were used to test the levels of serum IL-15. A thorough evaluation was carried out, which included the Vitiligo Extent Tensity Index (VETI). The outcomes are: The median blood IL-15 levels in the patients were substantially greater than those in the controls (94 pg/ml compared to 25.4 pg/ml; P<0.001). The length of the illness had a positive correlation with VETI scores (r = 0.772, P< 0.001), whereas the age of vitiligo beginning had a negative correlation (r = -0.358, P = 0.005). A favorable correlation was seen between IL-15 and the VETI score (r = 0.757, P< 0.001), the duration of the condition (r = 0.713, P< 0.001), and the age at which vitiligo first appeared (r = 0.324, P = 0.011).