Numerous nations have experienced a shortage of water in recent years. Microalgae and duckweed have been used to clean wastewater in recent years. An in-depth knowledge of the applications of duckweed and microalgae for the removal of nutrients from aquaculture wastewater is provided by this research. The duckweed plant was taken from agricultural drainage in the Sharqia governorate of Egypt, while Chlorella sorokiniana was isolated from a fish culture pond. They were grown with varying amounts of aquaculture wastewater (AWW)—25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The most effective method for eliminating NO₃^-, NH₄⁺, and TP was the 100% AWW treatment, according to the study's findings. Removal efficiencies of 92.1%, 73.2%, and 54.7% were attained using Chlorella sorokiniana, respectively. Although the removal efficiencies of duckweed were 83.2%, 39.3%, and 77.5%. Moreover, C. sorokiniana, which was cultivated in 100% aquaculture effluent, had a protein level of 24%, a carbohydrate content of 36.8%, and a lipid content of 22.8%. Duckweed grown in aquaculture effluent only had a protein level of 26.1%, a carbohydrate content of 17.6%, and a lipid content of 19.3%. To describe the fatty acid profile, the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) approach was used. Fatty acid percentages for C. sorokiniana growing in 100% aquaculture effluent were 15.6% PUFS, 23.8 MUFAs, and 60.6% SFAs. Cis-10-pentadecylic acid and arachidic acid make up the majority of fatty acids. C. Sorokiniana methanolic extracts Compared to ethyl acetate extract, has more potent antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas sp.