Vitiligo is a condition where areas of skin lose their pigmentation; oxidative stress and immunological dysregulation have been linked to its development. The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between Coenzyme Q10 (Co Q10) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the blood of individuals diagnosed with non-segmental vitiligo. The purpose of this article is to provide readers a thorough introduction to vitiligo, including such topics as the disease's epidemiology, categorization, probable causes, underlying pathogenic processes, diagnostic approaches, and several treatment options. Our goal in compiling this summary is to be a useful tool for clinicians and researchers interested in vitiligo by providing an overview of the current state of knowledge. Conclusions: Because of its complex aetiology, vitiligo is difficult to diagnose and treat. Melanocyte dysfunction is fueled by a complex web of elements including genetic susceptibility, autoimmune processes, oxidative stress, and environmental influences. In order to choose the best course of therapy for vitiligo, the severity and duration of the condition must be evaluated. Treatment for this ailment includes a combination of medicinal, phototherapeutic, and psychosocial approaches. Additional research into the roles of coenzyme Q10 and interleukin-6 in the development of vitiligo is warranted.