Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming a major public health problem worldwide, with a high prevalence in developing countries. C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2), also known as monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) can be produced by a variety of cells, reaching increased levels in dyslipidemic patients.Aim: The present study was to identify the relation between dyslipidemia and CCL2 in patients undergoing hemodialysis.Subjects and methods: This case-control study was conducted on 80 subjects: 60 hemodialyzed patients who were recruited from the Nephrology Department and Renal Dialysis Unit at Benha University Hospital and 20 apparently healthy controls. All participants were subjected to full history taking, complete clinical examination, and laboratory investigations including lipid profile and CCL2 were measured. The association between CCL2 levels and dyslipidemia was investigated using linear regression, adjusted for classic and non-classical CVD risk factors.Results: A significant association was observed between CCL2 levels and dyslipidemia (P˂0.001), even after adjustment for possible confounding variables, such as age and gender (P=0.001), as well as, predictor after adjustment with body mass index, diabetes mellitus, HD time, and urea (P˂0.001). Conclusion: Our study suggests that CCL2 levels may contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease in HD patients by promoting dyslipidemia. Through a better understanding of this pathogenesis, new therapeutic targets could be discovered to reduce cardiovascular complications for these patients.