Aim: This study aimed to investigate the changes in Gingival Crevicular Fluid Osteocalcin (GCF OS) levels during the canine retraction phase in adult patients with periodontally affected teeth.
Material and Methods: A sample of 22 orthodontic adult female patients (aged 25-35 years) was included in the present study. The patients had a history of periodontal problems and were indicated for orthodontic intervention with a plan for lower fist premolar extraction. The sectional arch technique and temporary anchorage devices were implemented for canine retraction. GCF OC samples were collected from the deepest periodontal pocket at T0, before orthodontic treatment; at T1, after 3 months of canine retraction; and at T3, 6 months after canine retraction. The collected samples were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA).
Results: The registered average GCF OC concentrations at T0, T1 and T2 were 34.31, 34.69 and 35.30 ng/ml, respectively. The change in GCF osteocalcin concentrations from T0 to T1 showed a marginal increase of .370 ng/ml in GCF. A considerable difference was observed between T1 and T2 (0.616 ng/ml of GCF). The overall change in the GCF osteocalcin concentration between T0 and T2 was 0.986 ng/ml GCF. A pairwise comparison among the three studied observation periods revealed a statistically nonsignificant difference (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Adult orthodontic treatment has no serous harmful effects on the periodontium as this study showed a nonsignificant increase in the gingival clavicular fluid Osteocalcin concentration level through the 6-month follow-up period, which may be positively correlated with the improvement in periodontal parameters.