This study assessed the quality of fishpond water in Phase 1, Mubo-Royal Valley fish farm in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. The bacteriological and physicochemical parameters of the samples were determined in line with standard methods in the first- and third-week period of fish breeding from three earthen and two concrete fishponds in the study area. Results showed that the pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO) values were within the recommended range of the National Environmental Standard and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA). However, higher chemical oxygen demand (COD) values above the NESREA recommended range were recorded in the first and third weeks of sampling in earthen Pond 1 and Pond 2, respectively. Significant increases (p < 0.05) in NO32- and PO42- contents above NESREA standard range were observed in earthen ponds in the 3rd week. Copper and iron (mg/l) values were higher than NESREA recommended range. There were significant increases (p < 0.05) in the population of heterotrophic bacteria and Salmonella-Shigella in the 3rd week of sampling. The 9 bacterial genera isolated were Pseudomonas sp., Micrococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Salmonella sp., Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp., Proteus sp., Streptococcus sp. and Bacillus sp. All the isolates were present in the ponds except Proteus sp. and Streptococcus sp. which were absent in concrete ponds. Pseudomonas sp. had the highest percentage frequency of occurrence while Streptococcus sp. had the lowest percentage frequency of occurrence. Regular monitoring of water quality parameters is recommended to prevent potential risks associated with potential pathogens in fishponds.