This research deals with a reading and analysis of three papyri from the first to the third century AH, which document some of the aspects of Islamic civilization in the city of Damietta in that time from the commercial, economic, and social and political aspects. The research shows the importance of the city of Damietta as one of the most important coastal cities , this importance is due to its featured geographical location on the Mediterranean coast, this location made it an important commercial center for internal and external trade, The research also deals with the importance of Arab papyri in documenting the various aspects of Islamic civilization, papyrus was means of intellectual life in Egypt and its ancient culture for forty centuries, and it was material for Islamic culture for at least three centuries. Since the Muslim Arabs entered Egypt and settled there, they found that paper in Egypt was made from the papyrus plant, so they sponsored this industry well, and the Muslims brought papyrus factories under their control since the era of Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab, and they continued as well throughout the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and also in the Umayyad and Abbasid eras .Therefore, one of the goals of the research selection was to clarify the role and importance of Arab papyri in documenting an important part of the social, economic, and commercial and political aspects of Islamic civilization, information about which is known from the study of the content of those papyri.