The Islamic cultural and civilizational heritage is a record of the nation's creativity, a symbol of its genius, a memory that preserves its value, and the vizierate was one of the most important and crucial positions of the Fatimid state after that of the caliphate. The position of vizier began in the first Fatimid era as one of the functions of the supreme state. Viziers at that time had no actual force in the country, and many of them were subjected to isolation, imprisonment, confiscation of their money, torture, murder and escape, which led to an imbalance in the situation of the Fatimid viziers, and an imbalance in their functions. Later, it began to develop in the second Fatimid era until it matched the influence of the Fatimid caliphs. Hence, the research will highlight the situation in Egypt under the Fatimid Vizier Al-Afdal bin Badr Al-Jamali as Egypt witnessed many events during his tenure in the vizierate.