Background: Schistosomasis is one of the most important parasitic diseases with high prevalence with Praziquantel is the only drug available for the treatment and control to which emerging reduced susceptibility in S. mansoni appeared.
Objectives: This work studied the tegmental alteration in adult Schistosoma mansoni in response to treatment with ethanolic extracts of Artemisia annua.
Materials and methods: About 50 g of the plant parts dry weight was used. After that 1 g of the prepared extract was dissolved in 50 ml of 0.9% saline. 100, 50, 25, 10 & 5 𝜇g/mL different concentrations were used for in vitro antischistosomal efficacy. The experiments were conducted on three groups of adult S. mansoni worms. The first group was the negative control group where the adults were incubated in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO); second group was the positive control group in which adult worms were incubated in 0.1 Praziquantel. The third group was the adult worms in Ethanolic extract of Artemisia annua. The stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopywere used to assess survival and ultramorpphological changes respectively.
Results: Significant reduction in the parasites movements and the survival of the adult worms with different extract concentrations which was dose dependent. After 24 h of in vitro incubation of S. mansoni with different concentrations of ethanolic extracts of A. annua various ultramorphological changes were reported comparable to those caused by Praziquantel.
Conclusion: A. annua ethanolic extract provided lethal effects on the adult Schistosoma mansoni in vitro with faster and complete effect in the higher concentration