Abstract: Hip replacement is a common surgical treatment in orthopedics. The successful recovery post hip replacement surgery requires not only proper surgical technique but also effective pre and postoperative nursing care which may be of great value in increasing level of post-operative comfort and reducing or preventing the occurrence of postoperative complications.  Purpose:  To determine the effect of pre and postoperative nursing intervention on pain and postoperative complications among patients undergoing hip replacement.  Setting: The study was conducted at orthopedic departments at Menoufia University and Shebin El-Kom teaching hospitals. Sampling: A consecutive sample of 80 adult patients who were planned for hip replacement surgery was assigned randomly and alternatively into two equal groups, 40 patients for each group. Instruments: Three instruments were used for data collection: Structured interview questionnaire, visual analogue pain scale and observational checklist for performance and complications.  Results: The majority of the study and control group (92.5%, 90% respectively) had worst pain level at pre intervention, while 65% of study group compared to 20% of control group had no pain at follow up period. There was statistically significant reductions of postoperative complications occurrence among study group compared to control group at postoperative period. Conclusion: pre and post postoperative nursing care had a positive impact on reducing patient's pain intensity and complications after hip replacement among study group than control group. Recommendation: Supervised health teaching regarding pre and postoperative care should be given among hip replacement patients to reduce pain and postoperative complications.