Axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) is an inflammatory condition of the axial skeleton, presenting diverse clinical manifestations and significant diagnostic challenges. Its global prevalence, influenced by genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and ethnic differences, is higher than previously estimated. The Human Leukocyte Antigen – B27 (HLA-B27) gene is crucial in disease susceptibility, emphasizing the interplay between genetics and environmental triggers. Axial SpA pathogenesis involves genetic susceptibility, gut microbiome dysbiosis, and mechanical stress, leading to immune dysregulation and chronic inflammation. Clinically, Axial SpA presents with chronic inflammatory back pain, enthesitis, peripheral arthritis, and extra-articular manifestations such as uveitis, psoriasis, and IBD. The ASAS classification criteria capture both radiographic and non-radiographic forms, emphasizing early detection via MRI. AxSpA significantly impacts health-related quality of life, with chronic pain and functional limitations reducing well-being. Assessment tools like the ASQoL guide holistic care.

AIM:
The aim of this study was to identify clinical characteristics, comorbidities, variations in disease activity and functional status, treatment use, and health related quality of life in AxSpA patients, investigate the relationship between clinical characteristics of AxSpA and HLA-B27, and disease activity and investigate the relationship between disease activity and health related quality of life.