• Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic disease characterized by remission and relapse of inflammation of the gastrointestinal mucosa.
• Its etiopathogenesis is not completely understood but several immunologic, genetic, and environmental factors may contribute to this disease. One of the hypotheses is dysregulated immune response to gut dysbiosis.
• IBD encompasses Ulcerative Colitis (UC) which causes diffusely inflamed mucosa limited to the colon, and Crohn's disease (CD) which results in focal involvement of any site of the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly the terminal ileum and colon.
• Diagnosis depends on the integrated assessment of clinical presentation, laboratory investigations, imaging, endoscopy and histopathological examination. Ileocolonoscopy and biopsies are considered the gold standard of diagnosis; nevertheless, they are invasive, costly, and inconvenient for most patients.
• Studies aim to find other non-invasive methods that correlates with disease activity which are easily feasible like Platelet-To-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR).