INTRODUCTION:
Due to population growth, ageing populations, and urbanization, diabetes mellitus (DM) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, has seen a significant rise in incidence and has recently emerged as a serious public health concern. Although the measurement of urine albumin excretion (UAE) is the cornerstone for the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN), there are diabetic patients have a reduced GFR despite a normal UAE. Multiple studies have shown that functional megnetic resonance image(fMRI), which includes blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) imaging & DWI, is a safe and noninvasive imaging technique. It can provide both quantitative and qualitative parameters for assessing changes in renal microstructure and function. Furthermore, prior studies have demonstrated that some fMRI approaches may possess superior accuracy compared to albuminuria in diagnosing early stages of DN. Early detection of renal illness and identification of those at high risk of developing ESRD are crucial. Microalbuminuria may remit, and less than half of microalbuminuria patients proceed to increasing proteinuria levels.
AIM OF THE WORK
the aim of this work to assess the role of blood oxygen level dependent magnetic resonance image (BOLD) & diffusion weighted image (DWI) in diagnosis of early diabetes nephropathy.