DM is a leading cause of mortality, morbidity and reduced life expectancy.It is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and altered cellular homeostasis, which lead to diffuse vascular damage and multi-organ dysfunction. In long term, patients with DM risk developing both micro- and macrovascular complications. Insulin resistance is defined as decreased sensitivity and responsiveness to insulin-mediated glucose disposal and inhibition of hepatic glucose production and plays a significant pathophysiologic role in T2DM.
Calprotectin is a soluble protein in white blood cells and is actively secreted during the stress response of phagocytes and is associated with inflammation and is found to be increased in subjects with insulin resistance.

AIM OF THE WORK:
This study was conducted to:
1. Measure serum calprotectin in patients with T2DM.
2. Evaluate the relationship between serum calprotectin and insulinresistance in patients with T2DM.
3. Evaluate the relationship between serum calprotectin and microvascularcomplications (diabetic kidney disease, neuropathy and retinopathy) inpatients with T2DM.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
SUBJECTS
This case study was conducted on 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus divided into two groups, Group (1): 50 patients with T2DM, further divided into 2 subgroups: Subgroup (1A): 25 patients with T2DM and microvascular complications. Subgroup (1B): 25 patients with T2DM without microvascular complications. Group (2): 50 normal subjects of matched age and sex as a control group.
Patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic of the Diabetes unit Alexandria Main University hospital.
Full informed consent was