1- Introduction:‎
Varicose veins (VV) are dilated, elongated, and tortuous veins that permit the reverse flow of ‎blood. It is one of the most common medical conditions that affects adults and older people. ‎Primary VV is due to pathology in the superficial veins, such as valvular dysfunction or vein wall ‎dilatation. The presentation of primary VV can range from those that are noticed incidentally to ‎those causing significant symptoms such as pain, disfigurement, edema, and hyperpigmentation. ‎Duplex ultrasound is used for the diagnosis and management of VV. The complications of ‎primary VV are less common than those of secondary VV, like bleeding, superficial ‎thrombophlebitis, and ulcerations. Treatment of VV has had the great attention of many ‎physicians throughout history, since the prevalence of the disease is very high. This encourages ‎physicians to find better and more convenient treatments. Conservative, surgical, or recently less ‎invasive endovenous techniques are the lines of management.‎

2-Aim of work:‎
To study the evaluation of endovenous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for treatment of primary ‎varicose veins in the lower limbs.‎