Endometrial cancer is the sixth most prevalent cancer among women and the thirteenth cause of ‎mortality in women worldwide. It is the eighth most prevalent cancer in women in Egypt and ‎the fifteenth cause of mortality in women in Egypt. Endometrioid endometrial carcinoma is the ‎most common type (70%) of endometrial cancer. Most patients diagnosed at an early stage had ‎good prognoses. However, some individuals with low-grade, low-stage cancers experience ‎recurrence. Prediction of recurrence in those patients is crucial to improve prognosis. CTNNB1 ‎gene mutation is suggested to be associated with endometrial cancer recurrence. CTNNB1 ‎encodes beta-catenin protein.β-catenin is an important mediator in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling ‎pathway. Exon 3 mutations in the CTNNB1 gene activate the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling ‎pathway, leading to development of cancer.‎
‎Aim:
The aim of the present study was to study CTNNB1 exon 3 somatic mutations in early stage ‎endometrial cancer in a cohort of Egyptian patients.‎
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Patient and ‎Methods:
SUBJECTS: This study was conducted on 40 patients with early stage (stage I&II) ‎endometrioid endometrial carcinoma presented to clinical oncology Department at Alexandria ‎University Hospital. Patients were further divided into two groups; recurrent Group (20 ‎patients with recurrent endometrial cancer who developed metastasis or insitu recurrence) and ‎non recurrent group (20 patients with early stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma with no ‎recurrence after remission). Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples were obtained ‎from the Pathology departments at Alexandria University.