The exact etiology of primary migraine remains unknown, although it is believed to implicate the trigeminovascular system, genetic factors, thalamic functions changes, brainstem dysfunction, and the production of neuropeptides such as CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide). However, in most cases of migraine, there are multiple factors that contribute to the onset of an attack of migraine. Genetics, environmental factors, and biochemical factors all contribute in altering the trigger threshold for an attack.
The recognition of CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) in the mid-1980s revealed its crucial involvement in the migraine pathophysiology. By inhibiting its activity, migraine attacks can be prevented or become less frequent.
There are multiple ways in which migraine and obesity are linked, as both are prevalent and debilitating disorders that are affected by genetic and environmental influences Obesity and MWA are considered threats for cardiovascular diseases, and studies proposed that obesity has a high chance for chronic migraines after adjusting for co-morbidities.