INTRODUCTION
Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer mortality in women. Over decades, surgical management of breast cancer has evolved from Halsted's radical mastectomy to less extensive modified radical mastectomy (MRM) with less morbidity, more cosmetic results, and similar survival rates. This was followed by introduction of breast conservative therapy (BCT), skin and nipple-sparing mastectomies which don't necessitate excision of whole or corresponding pectoral fascia (PF).
PF is routinely excised during conventional mastectomy with no evidence to support this as it is part of muscular anatomy rather than breast tissue. It is firmly attached to underlying muscle with no separating epimysium unlike deep fascia in other body regions, so it is considered together with pectoralis major (PM) muscle as one myofascial unit. It also functions in breast lymph drainage as it is a part of deep lymphatic network.


AIM OF THE WORK
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of pectoral fascia preservation during MRM regarding operative time, post-operative seroma formation, and oncological safety of the whole procedure in female patients with breast cancer undergoing MRM.