Supracondylar fracture is an injury of the distal metaphysis of the humerus which almost always present in children under 10 years old with an immature skeleton. Additionally, the growing skeleton frequently exhibits laxity of the ligaments with elbow hyperextended, which concentrates a bending stress on the vulnerable supracondylar region.
Gartland classified supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children into 3 types: Type I undisplaced fracture, type II displaced fracture with intact cortexposteriorly, and type III displaced without cortical contact.
Closed reduction and percutaneous fixation by k.wires is the best surgical intervention for displaced pediatric humeral S.C fractures.
The best pin configuration is still debatable, even though the existing evidence consistently indicates that a fracture can be stabilised with two or three K-wires. Options include lateral pins only, 2 lateral pins paired with 1 medial pin, or medial and lateral crossing pins. A divergent, parallel, or convergent insertion pattern is possible for lateral pins. Transolecranon and lateral wires is a new technique that can be used.