This study aims to investigate the effect of fennel and barley seeds on 24 rats with inflicted kidneys weighing 150 ± 10g. Rats were fed on basal diet for 7 consecutive days on basal diet, then divided into 6 groups each of 4 rats. The first was negative control group fed on the basal diet, and the second was positive group injected with gentamicin (10 mg/kg body weight) twice a week for four weeks. As for the other groups, rats treated with 5%, 10%, fennel seeds (FS) and 5%, 10% barley seeds (BS). After twice a week for four weeks of the experiment, rats weight was measured, blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis. Fennel seeds (FS) 10% has best effect in lowering glucose, barley 10% improved enzyme activity Alanine transform (ALT) and fennel 5% improved high-density cholesterol (HDL-C). Barley seeds (BS) 10% has best effect on lowering triglycerides, barley 5% improved low-density lipoprotein and activity of creatinine and urea. Barley seeds (BS) 10% has best effect in lowering activity of total cholesterol and barley 5% acted better in decreasing activity of liver enzymes alkaline phosphatase and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (ALP, AST). The histological investigation confirmed the fact that treatments with fennel and barley seeds mitigation the kidneys and livers diseases. Fennel and barley seeds has good effects on liver and kidney functions, glucose and lipid levels.